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標題: MATLAB車牌識別源程序 [打印本頁]

作者: 閆福群也 時間: 2018-5-12 09:18
標題: MATLAB車牌識別源程序
function []=main(jpg)
close all
clc
tic       %測定算法執(zhí)行的時間

[fn,pn,fi]=uigetfile('BMW.jpg','選擇圖片');%讀入圖片
I=imread([pn fn]);
figure,imshow(I);title('原始圖像');%顯示原始圖像

Im1=rgb2gray(I);
figure(2),subplot(1,2,1),
imshow(Im1);
title('灰度圖');
figure(2),
subplot(1,2,2),
imhist(Im1);
title('灰度圖的直方圖');%顯示圖像的直方圖

Tiao=imadjust(Im1,[0.19,0.78],[0,1]); %調(diào)整圖片
figure(3),
subplot(1,2,1),
imshow(Tiao);title('增強灰度圖');
figure(3),
subplot(1,2,2),
imhist(Tiao);
title('增強灰度圖的直方圖');

Im2=edge(Im1,'sobel',0.15,'both'); %使用sobel算子進行邊緣檢測
figure(4),
imshow(Im2);
title('sobel算子實現(xiàn)邊緣檢測')

se=[1;1;1];
Im3=imerode(Im2,se); %圖像腐蝕
figure(5),
imshow(Im3);
title('腐蝕效果圖');
se=strel('rectangle',[25,25]); % 創(chuàng)建由指定形狀的結(jié)構(gòu)元素，矩形
Im4=imclose(Im3,se);%對圖像實現(xiàn)閉運算figure(6),
imshow(Im4);
title('平滑圖像的輪廓');

Im5=bwareaopen(Im4,2000); %刪除小面積圖形
figure(7),
imshow(Im5);
title('移除小對象');

[y,x,z]=size(Im5);
Im6=double(Im5);
Blue_y=zeros(y,1);%創(chuàng)建元素為零的數(shù)組或矩陣y*1
for i=1:y
for j=1:x
         if(Im6(i,j,1)==1)
               Blue_y(i,1)= Blue_y(i,1)+1; %根據(jù)Im5的y值確定
         end
   end
end
[temp MaxY]=max(Blue_y);%垂直方向車牌區(qū)域確定
PY1=MaxY;
while ((Blue_y(PY1,1)>=5)&&(PY1>1))
      PY1=PY1-1;
end
PY2=MaxY;
while ((Blue_y(PY2,1)>=5)&&(PY2<y))
      PY2=PY2+1;
end
IY=I(PY1:PY2,:,:);
Blue_x=zeros(1,x);
for j=1:x
   for i=PY1:PY2
         if(Im6(i,j,1)==1)
            Blue_x(1,j)= Blue_x(1,j)+1; %根據(jù)Im5的x值確定
         end
   end
end
PX1=1;
while ((Blue_x(1,PX1)<3)&&(PX1<x))
   PX1=PX1+1;
end
PX2=x;
while ((Blue_x(1,PX2)<3)&&(PX2>PX1))
      PX2=PX2-1;
end
PX1=PX1-1;%對車牌區(qū)域的校正
PX2=PX2+1;
  dw=I(PY1:PY2-6,PX1:PX2 ,:);
figure(8),
subplot(1,2,1),
imshow(IY),
title('垂直方向合理區(qū)域');
figure(8),
subplot(1,2,2),
imshow(dw),
title('定位剪切后的彩色車牌圖像')

imwrite(dw,'dw.jpg'); %把圖像寫入圖形文件中

a=imread('dw.jpg');
b=rgb2gray(a);
imwrite(b,'車牌灰度圖像.jpg');
figure(9);
subplot(3,2,1),
imshow(b),
title('1.車牌灰度圖像')

g_max=double(max(max(b)));
g_min=double(min(min(b)));
T=round(g_max-(g_max-g_min)/3); %T為設(shè)定的二值化的閾值
[m,n]=size(b);
d=(double(b)>=T);  % d為二值圖像
imwrite(d,'車牌二值圖像.jpg');
figure(9);
subplot(3,2,2),
imshow(d),
title('2.車牌二值圖像')
figure(9),
subplot(3,2,3),
imshow(d),
title('3.均值濾波前')

h=fspecial('average',3);
d=im2bw(round(filter2(h,d)));
imwrite(d,'均值濾波后.jpg');
figure(9),
subplot(3,2,4),
imshow(d),
title('4.均值濾波后')

se=eye(2);
[m,n]=size(d); % d為二值圖像
if bwarea(d)/m/n>=0.365
d=imerode(d,se);
elseif bwarea(d)/m/n<=0.235
d=imdilate(d,se);
end
imwrite(d,'膨脹或腐蝕處理后.jpg');
figure(9),
subplot(3,2,5),
imshow(d),
title('5.膨脹或腐蝕處理后')

d=QieGe(d);%尋找連續(xù)有文字的塊
[m,n]=size(d);
k1=1;k2=1;s=sum(d);j=1;
while j~=n
while s(j)==0
      j=j+1;
end
k1=j;
while s(j)~=0 && j<=n-1
      j=j+1;
end
k2=j-1;
if k2-k1>=round(n/6.5)
      [val,num]=min(sum(d(:,[k1+5:k2-5])));
      d(:,k1+num+5)=0;
end
end

d=QieGe(d);
y1=10;y2=0.25;flag=0;word1=[];
while flag==0
[m,n]=size(d);
left=1;wide=0;
while sum(d(:,wide+1))~=0
      wide=wide+1;
end
if wide<y1
      d(:,[1:wide])=0;
      d=QieGe(d);
else
      temp=QieGe(imcrop(d,[1 1 wide m]));
      [m,n]=size(temp);
      all=sum(sum(temp));
      two_thirds=sum(sum(temp([round(m/3):2*round(m/3)],:)));
      if two_thirds/all>y2
         flag=1;word1=temp;
      end
      d(:,[1:wide])=0;d=QieGe(d);
end
end

[word2,d]=FenGe(d);%分割出第二個字符
[word3,d]=FenGe(d);%分割出第三個字符
[word4,d]=FenGe(d);%分割出第四個字符
[word5,d]=FenGe(d);%分割出第五個字符
[word6,d]=FenGe(d);%分割出第六個字符
[word7,d]=FenGe(d);%分割出第七個字符

word1=imresize(word1,[40 20]);%模板字符大小統(tǒng)一為40*20為字符辨認做準備
word2=imresize(word2,[40 20]);
word3=imresize(word3,[40 20]);
word4=imresize(word4,[40 20]);
word5=imresize(word5,[40 20]);
word6=imresize(word6,[40 20]);
word7=imresize(word7,[40 20]);
figure(10)
subplot(2,7,1),
imshow(word1),
title('1');
subplot(2,7,2),
imshow(word2),
title('2');
subplot(2,7,3),
imshow(word3),
title('3');
subplot(2,7,4),
imshow(word4),
title('4');
subplot(2,7,5),
imshow(word5),
title('5');
subplot(2,7,6),
imshow(word6),
title('6');
subplot(2,7,7),
imshow(word7),
title('7');
imwrite(word1,'1.jpg');
imwrite(word2,'2.jpg');
imwrite(word3,'3.jpg');
imwrite(word4,'4.jpg');
imwrite(word5,'5.jpg');
imwrite(word6,'6.jpg');
imwrite(word7,'7.jpg');

liccode=char(['0':'9' 'A':'Z' '京遼魯陜蘇浙']); %建立自動識別字符代碼表，順序應與文件夾中的相同
l=1;
for I=1:7
   ii=int2str(I);                      %將整數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換為字符串
   t=imread([ii,'.jpg']);
   SegBw2=imresize(t,[40 20],'nearest'); %改變圖像的大小
      if l==1          %第一位漢字識別
         kmin=37;
         kmax=40;
   elseif l>=2&&l<=3    %第二、三位 A~Z 字母識別，可根據(jù)車牌情況做修改
         kmin=11;
         kmax=36;
   elseif l>=4 & l<=7%第三、四位 0~9  A~Z字母和數(shù)字識別，可根據(jù)車牌情況做修改
         kmin=1;
         kmax=10;
      end
      for k2=kmin:kmax
         fname=strcat('字符模板\',liccode(k2),'.jpg');
         SamBw2 = imread(fname);
         Dm=0;
         for k1=1:40
            for l1=1:20
                  if  SegBw2(k1,l1)==SamBw2(k1,l1)
                     Dm=Dm+1; %判斷分割字符與模板字符的相似度
                  end
            end
         end
         Error(k2)=Dm;
      end
      Error1=Error(kmin:kmax);
      MinError=max(Error1);
      findc=find(Error1==MinError);%返回矩陣中非0項的坐標
      Resault(l*2-1)=liccode(findc(1)+kmin-1);
      Resault(l*2)=' ';
      l=l+1;
end
t=toc
Resault
msgbox(Resault,'識別結(jié)果')

fid=fopen('Data.xls','a+');
fprintf(fid,'%s\r\n',Resault,datestr(now));
fclose(fid);                %將識別結(jié)果保存在Data.xls中

function [word,result]=FenGe(d) %定義分割字符用函數(shù)（1）
word=[];flag=0;y1=8;y2=0.5;
while flag==0
      [m,n]=size(d);
      wide=0;
      while sum(d(:,wide+1))~=0 && wide<=n-2
         wide=wide+1;
      end
      temp=QieGe(imcrop(d,[1 1 wide m]));
      [m1,n1]=size(temp);
      if wide<y1 && n1/m1>y2
         d(:,[1:wide])=0;
         if sum(sum(d))~=0
            d=QieGe(d);  %切割出最小范圍
         else word=[];flag=1;
         end
      else
         word=QieGe(imcrop(d,[1 1 wide m]));
         d(:,[1:wide])=0;
         if sum(sum(d))~=0;
            d=QieGe(d);flag=1;
         else d=[];
         end
      end
end
      result=d;
function e=QieGe(d) %定義分割字符用函數(shù)（2）
[m,n]=size(d);
top=1;bottom=m;left=1;right=n; % init
while sum(d(top,:))==0 && top<=m
top=top+1;
end
while sum(d(bottom,:))==0 && bottom>=1
bottom=bottom-1;
end
while sum(d(:,left))==0 && left<=n
left=left+1;
end
while sum(d(:,right))==0 && right>=1
right=right-1;
end
dd=right-left;
hh=bottom-top;
e=imcrop(d,[left top dd hh]);

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