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制作靈感來源于一個(gè)叫做 urban feeds 的項(xiàng)目。儀器能夠采集：

//davidce 20111211
// Include
#include
#include
#include
// Digital pin
// SHT1x
#define ShtDataPin 8 //data
#define ShtClockPin 9 //clock
SHT1x sht1x(ShtDataPin, ShtClockPin);
// system light
#define systemLightPin 2
//DSM501A DUST
#define DSMPin2_5 6
#define DSMPin1_0 7
//SD card
File myFile;
#define SD_CSPin 10
char filename[] = "result.txt";
String order= "";
//GPS
#define rxPin 0 // RX PIN
#define txPin 1 // TX TX
// Analog pin
const int powerInPin = A0; // check power state for the bettery charge
const int infrRayPin = A1; //infrared ray
const int o3Pin = A2; //MQ131
const int co2Pin = A3; //MQ811
// Variable
boolean inCharge = false; //bettery charging mark
const unsigned long warmTime = 60000; //system warmming 60000 ms
const unsigned long scanTime = 0; //get data fre scanTime = scanTime + flashTime
const unsigned long flashTime = 250;
unsigned long previousMillis = 0; //前一次判斷時(shí)間點(diǎn)
unsigned long partMillis=0; //到溢出時(shí)計(jì)算的時(shí)間
const unsigned long sectev = 30; // 時(shí)間間隔(秒)
const unsigned long interval = 30000; // 時(shí)間間隔(毫秒) = sectev * 1000
const unsigned long mintev = 30000000; // 時(shí)間間隔(微秒) =interval * 1000
//BH1750 IIC Mode
const int BH1750address = 0x23; //setting i2c address
byte buff[2];
//GPS
int byteGPS = -1;
char linea[300] = "";
char comandoGPR[7] = "$GPRMC";
int cont=0;
int bien=0;
int conta=0;
int indices[13];
void setup() {
if(!SD.begin(SD_CSPin))
{
return;
}
// read the value from the power
int powerValue = analogRead(powerInPin); // variable to store the value coming from the power
if(powerValue>1000)
{
inCharge=true;
Serial.begin(4800); //port speed for GPS
}
else
{
//check if the log file exists and add name of items to the new file
if (!SD.exists(filename))
{
myFile = SD.open(filename, FILE_WRITE);
if (myFile)
{
myFile.print("date_UTC");
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print("time_UTC");
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print("lat");
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print("lon");
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print("temp_C");
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print("hum_PER");
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print("pcs_1");
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print("pcs_2_5");
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print("peop_tra");
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print("O3");
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print("CO2");
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.println("light_lx");
myFile.close();
}
}
for (int i=0;i<300;i++)
{ // Initialize a buffer for received data
linea[i]=' ';
}
pinMode(systemLightPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(DSMPin2_5, INPUT);
pinMode(DSMPin1_0, INPUT);
pinMode(rxPin, INPUT);
pinMode(txPin, OUTPUT);
Wire.begin();
Serial.begin(4800); //port speed for transform
digitalWrite(systemLightPin, HIGH);
delay(warmTime);
}
}
void loop(){
if(!inCharge) // work state
{
float temp_c =sht1x.readTemperatureC();
float humidity = sht1x.readHumidity();
unsigned long currentMillis;
boolean goloop=true;
partMillis=0;
unsigned long duration1_0=0;
unsigned long duration2_5=0;
long temp1_0=0;
long temp2_5=0;
unsigned long rayMark=0; //人流量計(jì)數(shù)
double rayFreq = 0.0; //人流量頻率
while(goloop) //loop
{
currentMillis = micros();
if(currentMillis<previousmillis)
{
partMillis = 4294967295 - previousMillis +1;
previousMillis = 0;
}
if(currentMillis - previousMillis - partMillis < mintev)
{
//1.0
if(temp1_0==0)
{
temp1_0=-1;
temp1_0=pulseIn(DSMPin1_0, LOW);
}
if(temp1_0>0)
{
duration1_0 =duration1_0 + temp1_0;
temp1_0=0;
}
//2.5
if(temp2_5==0)
{
temp2_5=-1;
temp2_5=pulseIn(DSMPin2_5, LOW);
}
if(temp2_5>0)
{
duration2_5 =duration2_5 + temp2_5;
temp2_5=0;
}
}
else
{
goloop=false;
previousMillis=currentMillis;
}
//human transform
int rayState = analogRead(infrRayPin);
if(rayState>500)
{
rayMark = rayMark + 1;
}
}
double per =double(duration1_0)/double(interval);// had multiply 1000
int pcs1_0 = -1;
pcs1_0 = per * 50.0;
per =double(duration2_5)/double(interval);// had multiply 1000
int pcs2_5 = -1;
pcs2_5 = per * 50.0;
rayFreq = double(rayMark) /double(sectev);
// light
uint16_t lightval=0;
BH1750_Init(BH1750address);
delay(200);
if(2==BH1750_Read(BH1750address))
{
lightval=((buff[0]<<8)|buff[1])/1.2;
}
//MQ131
int O3v=analogRead(o3Pin);
float O3ppb=float(O3v) * 0.0049; //not realy value
float O3mg_m3 = O3ppb * 48 / 22.4 / 1000; //need ajaust
//MG811
int CO2v=analogRead(co2Pin);
float CO2ppb=float(CO2v) * 0.0049; //not realy value
//GPS
String datestr = ""; //date UTC (ddmmyy)
String timestr = ""; //time UTC (hhmmss.sss)
String latstr = ""; //Latitude (ddmm.mmmm)
String lonstr = ""; //Longitude (dddmm.mmmm)
boolean isGPSOK = false;
bien=0;
while(bien!=6)
{
byteGPS=Serial.read();
if(byteGPS == -1)
{
delay(100);
}
else
{
linea[conta]=byteGPS; // If there is serial port data, it is put in the buffer
conta++;
if(byteGPS==13)
{
cont=0;
bien=0;
for (int i=1;i<7;i++)
{ // Verifies if the received command starts with $GPRMC
if (linea[i]==comandoGPR[i-1])
{
bien++;
}
}
if(bien==6) // If yes, continue and process the data
{
for (int i=0;i<300;i++)
{
if (linea[i]==',')
{ // check for the position of the "," separator
indices[cont]=i;
cont++;
}
if (linea[i]=='*')
{ // ... and the "*"
indices[12]=i;
cont++;
}
}
String dataString;
int outindex;
outindex=1;
for (int j=indices[outindex];j<(indices[outindex+1]-1);j++)
{
if(linea[j+1]=='A')
{
isGPSOK = true;
}
}
outindex=8; //Date UTC (ddmmyy)
dataString="";
for (int j=indices[outindex];j<(indices[outindex+1]-1);j++)
{
dataString = dataString + linea[j+1];
}
datestr=dataString;
outindex=0; //time UTC (hhmmss.sss)
dataString="";
for (int j=indices[outindex];j<(indices[outindex+1]-1);j++)
{
dataString = dataString + linea[j+1];
}
timestr=dataString;
outindex=2; //Latitude (ddmm.mmmm)
dataString="";
for (int j=indices[outindex];j<(indices[outindex+1]-1);j++)
{
dataString = dataString + linea[j+1];
}
latstr=dataString;
outindex=4; //Longitude (dddmm.mmmm)
dataString="";
for (int j=indices[outindex];j<(indices[outindex+1]-1);j++)
{
dataString = dataString + linea[j+1];
}
lonstr=dataString;
}
// Reset the buffer
conta=0;
for (int i=0;i<300;i++)
{
linea[i]=' ';
}
}
}
}
//output result
Serial.print(datestr);
Serial.print(9,BYTE);
Serial.print(timestr);
Serial.print(9,BYTE);
Serial.print(latstr);
Serial.print(9,BYTE);
Serial.print(lonstr);
Serial.print(9,BYTE);
Serial.print(temp_c);
Serial.print(9,BYTE);
Serial.print(humidity);
Serial.print(9,BYTE);
Serial.print(pcs1_0);
Serial.print(9,BYTE);
Serial.print(pcs2_5);
Serial.print(9,BYTE);
Serial.print(rayFreq);
Serial.print(9,BYTE);
Serial.print(O3ppb);
Serial.print(9,BYTE);
Serial.print(CO2ppb);
Serial.print(9,BYTE);
Serial.println(lightval,DEC);
//writer the result to SD card
myFile = SD.open(filename, FILE_WRITE);
if (myFile)
{
// to sd file
myFile.print(datestr);
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print(timestr);
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print(latstr);
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print(lonstr);
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print(temp_c);
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print(humidity);
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print(pcs1_0);
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print(pcs2_5);
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print(rayFreq);
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print(O3ppb);
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.print(CO2ppb);
myFile.print(9,BYTE);
myFile.println(lightval,DEC);
myFile.close();
//flash the light
if(isGPSOK)
{
digitalWrite(systemLightPin, HIGH);
delay(flashTime);
digitalWrite(systemLightPin, LOW);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(systemLightPin, LOW);
delay(flashTime);
digitalWrite(systemLightPin, HIGH);
}
}
delay(scanTime);
}
else //bettery charging and data translation
{
while(Serial.available() > 0)
{
int incomingByte = Serial.read();
if(incomingByte==10) //order end
{
if(order == "list")
{
myFile = SD.open(filename);
if (myFile)
{
while (myFile.available())
{
Serial.write(myFile.read());
}
myFile.close();
}
else
{
Serial.println("open file failure.");
}
}
else if(order.length()>0)
{
Serial.println("The available command is:");
Serial.println("list");
}
//reset order
order="";
}
else
{
if(incomingByte!=13)
{
order = order + char(incomingByte);
}
}
}
}
}
int BH1750_Read(int address)
{
int i=0;
Wire.beginTransmission(address);
Wire.requestFrom(address, 2);
while(Wire.available())
{
buff[i] = Wire.receive(); // receive one byte
i++;
}
Wire.endTransmission();
return i;
}
void BH1750_Init(int address)
{
Wire.beginTransmission(address);
Wire.send(0x10);//1lx reolution 120ms
Wire.endTransmission();
}

復(fù)制代碼

關(guān)于傳感器標(biāo)定：
每個(gè)傳感器在出廠后的性能是不同的，在實(shí)際的應(yīng)用中需要進(jìn)行標(biāo)定。儀器中需要標(biāo)定的傳感器是MG811二氧化碳、MQ131臭氧和DSM501A灰塵傳感器，其它的傳感器是數(shù)字輸出，在出廠前經(jīng)過標(biāo)定。標(biāo)定方法參考：

下一步工作：
MQ系列傳感器輔助電路類似，儀器只需更換傳感器探頭和標(biāo)定可實(shí)現(xiàn)其它氣體測(cè)量
由于MQ131和MG811屬于加熱型傳感器耗電量大，2800mAh的鋰電池只能連續(xù)工作3.5小時(shí)左右，同時(shí)二氧化碳和臭氧氣體不適合移動(dòng)觀測(cè)，下一步打算將兩種氣體傳感器設(shè)置在固定監(jiān)測(cè)儀器上，在留出的面板位置上安裝1602液晶顯示，儀器同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)便攜式GPS功能。

致謝：
儀器在制作過程中得到論壇和Arduino 與 ADK 熱心網(wǎng)友的大力幫助，他們?cè)绯鐾須w，談天論地，不分主題，有問必答，暢所欲言，謝謝大家！！

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