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//程序名稱：簡單加法
//用于練習4x4鍵盤、數碼管顯示、數組應用等
//4x4軟鍵盤布局
// 1 2 3 A
// 4 5 6 B
// 7 8 9 C
// * 0 # D
// 程序中A加號，#回車，*ESC清零
// 數碼管接P0、P2^4-P2^7
// 鍵盤接P1
//改編自 http://www.zg4o1577.cn/bbs/dpj-20218-1.html
// 1.3.6 包含綜合應用的實用程序
#include <reg52.h>
sbit KEY_IN_1 = P1^4; //矩陣按鍵的掃描輸入引腳1
sbit KEY_IN_2 = P1^5; //矩陣按鍵的掃描輸入引腳2
sbit KEY_IN_3 = P1^6; //矩陣按鍵的掃描輸入引腳3
sbit KEY_IN_4 = P1^7; //矩陣按鍵的掃描輸入引腳4
sbit KEY_OUT_1 = P1^3; //矩陣按鍵的掃描輸出引腳1
sbit KEY_OUT_2 = P1^2; //矩陣按鍵的掃描輸出引腳2
sbit KEY_OUT_3 = P1^1; //矩陣按鍵的掃描輸出引腳3
sbit KEY_OUT_4 = P1^0; //矩陣按鍵的掃描輸出引腳4
sbit ADDR0 = P2^4;
sbit ADDR1 = P2^5;
sbit ADDR2 = P2^6;
sbit ADDR3 = P2^7;
sbit ENLED = P0;
unsigned char code LedChar[] = {
0xC0,0xF9,0xA4,0xB0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xF8,
0x80,0x90,0x88,0x83,0xC6,0xA1,0x86,0x8e
}; //數碼管真值表
const unsigned char code KeyCodeMap[4][4] = { //矩陣按鍵編號到PC標準鍵盤鍵碼的映射表
{ 0x1B, '0', 0x0D, 0x27 }, //數字鍵0、ESC鍵、 回車鍵、 向右鍵
{ '7', '8', '9', 0x28 }, //數字鍵7、數字鍵8、數字鍵9、向下鍵
{ '4', '5', '6', 0x25 }, //數字鍵4、數字鍵5、數字鍵6、向左鍵
{ '1', '2', '3', 0x26 } //數字鍵1、數字鍵2、數字鍵3、向上鍵
};
unsigned char KeySta[4][4] = { //全部矩陣按鍵的當前狀態
{1, 1, 1, 1},
{1, 1, 1, 1},
{1, 1, 1, 1},
{1, 1, 1, 1}
}; //由于數組不能定義成bit型，這里定義成unsigned char型
unsigned char LedBuf[6] = { //數碼管動態掃描顯示緩沖區
0xC0, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF
};
void DisplayNum(unsigned long num);
void KeyAction(unsigned char keycode);
void main(void)
{
unsigned char i, j;
unsigned char backup[4][4] = { //按鍵值備份，保存前一次的值
{1, 1, 1, 1},
{1, 1, 1, 1},
{1, 1, 1, 1},
{1, 1, 1, 1}
};
//選擇數碼管進行顯示
P0 = 0xFF;
ADDR3 = 1;
ENLED = 0;
//配置T0工作在模式1，定時1ms
TMOD = 0x01;
TH0 = 0xFC;
TL0 = 0x67;
TR0 = 1;
ET0 = 1;
EA = 1;
while(1)
{
//檢索按鍵狀態的變化
for (i=0; i<4; i++)
{
for (j=0; j<4; j++)
{
if (backup[j] != KeySta[j])
{
if (backup[j] == 0) //按鍵彈起時執行動作
{
KeyAction(KeyCodeMap[j]);
}
backup[j] = KeySta[j];
}
}
}
}
}
void KeyAction(unsigned char keycode)
{
static unsigned long result = 0; //用于保存運算結果
static unsigned long addend = 0; //用于保存輸入的加數
if ((keycode>='0') && (keycode<='9')) //輸入0-9的數字
{
addend = (addend*10) + (keycode-'0'); //原數據擴大10倍，由新輸入的數字填充其個位
DisplayNum(addend); //運算結果顯示到數碼管
}
else if (keycode == 0x26) //向上鍵A用作加號，執行加法或連加運算
{
result += addend; //進行加法運算
addend = 0;
DisplayNum(result); //運算結果顯示到數碼管
}
else if (keycode == 0x0D) //回車鍵#，執行加法運算（實際效果與加號并無區別）
{
result += addend; //進行加法運算
addend = 0;
DisplayNum(result); //運算結果顯示到數碼管
}
else if (keycode == 0x1B) //Esc鍵*，清零結果
{
addend = 0;
result = 0;
DisplayNum(addend); //清零后的加數顯示到數碼管
}
}
void DisplayNum(unsigned long num)
{
signed char i;
unsigned char buf[4];
for (i=0; i<4; i++) //把長整型數轉換為4位十進制的數組
{
buf = num % 10;
num /= 10;
}
for (i=3; i>=1; i--) //從最高位起，遇到0即轉換為空格，遇到非0即退出
{
if (buf == 0)
{
LedBuf = 0xFF;
}
else
{
break;
}
}
for ( ; i>=0; i--) //剩余低位都如實轉換為數字
{
LedBuf = LedChar[buf];
}
}
void InterruptTimer0() interrupt 1
{
unsigned char i;
static unsigned char ledcnt = 0; //數碼管掃描計數器
static unsigned char keyout = 0; //矩陣按鍵掃描輸出計數器
static unsigned char keybuf[4][4] = { //按鍵掃描緩沖區，保存一段時間內的掃描值
{0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF},
{0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF},
{0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF},
{0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF}
};
TH0 = 0xFC; //溢出后進入中斷重新賦值
TL0 = 0x67;
//將一行的4個按鍵值移入緩沖區
keybuf[keyout][0] = (keybuf[keyout][0] << 1) | KEY_IN_1;
keybuf[keyout][1] = (keybuf[keyout][1] << 1) | KEY_IN_2;
keybuf[keyout][2] = (keybuf[keyout][2] << 1) | KEY_IN_3;
keybuf[keyout][3] = (keybuf[keyout][3] << 1) | KEY_IN_4;
//消抖后更新按鍵狀態
for (i=0; i<4; i++) //每行4個按鍵，所以循環4次
{
if ((keybuf[keyout] & 0x0F) == 0x00)
{ //連續4次掃描值為0，即16ms(4*4ms)內都只檢測到按下狀態時，可認為按鍵已按下
KeySta[keyout] = 0;
}
else if ((keybuf[keyout] & 0x0F) == 0x0F)
{ //連續4次掃描值為1，即16ms(4*4ms)內都只檢測到彈起狀態時，可認為按鍵已彈起
KeySta[keyout] = 1;
}
}
//執行下一次的掃描輸出
keyout++;
keyout &= 0x03;
switch (keyout)
{
case 0:
KEY_OUT_4 = 1;
KEY_OUT_1 = 0;
break;
case 1:
KEY_OUT_1 = 1;
KEY_OUT_2 = 0;
break;
case 2:
KEY_OUT_2 = 1;
KEY_OUT_3 = 0;
break;
case 3:
KEY_OUT_3 = 1;
KEY_OUT_4 = 0;
break;
default:
break;
}
//執行數碼管動態掃描顯示
P0 = 0xFF;
switch (ledcnt)
{
case 0: ADDR0=0; ADDR1=1; ADDR2=1; ADDR3=1; break;
case 1: ADDR0=1; ADDR1=0; ADDR2=1; ADDR3=1; break;
case 2: ADDR0=1; ADDR1=1; ADDR2=0; ADDR3=1; break;
case 3: ADDR0=1; ADDR1=1; ADDR2=1; ADDR3=0; break;
case 4: ADDR0=1; ADDR1=1; ADDR2=1; ADDR3=1; break;
default: break;
}
P0 = LedBuf[ledcnt];
ledcnt++;
if (ledcnt >= 5)
{
ledcnt = 0;
}
}
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